Class IX Chapter 1

Class IX

Chapter 1

The Computer System

II. Descriptive Type Questions

      A.      Very short answer questions:

                                 i.            Printer

                               ii.            Bar Code Reader

                              iii.            Control Unit

                             iv.            Digital camera

                               v.            Webcam, Microphone and speaker

      B.      Short answer question:

                                 i.            Install printer’s drivers

                               ii.            Kilobyte < megabyte < gigabyte < terabyte.

                              iii.            Hard disc , DVD, Blu-ray disc and Pen drive

                             iv.             

RAM ( Random Access Memory)	ROM ( Read Only Memory)
It is volatile in nature.	It is non – volatile in nature.
It is a read – write memory.	It is a read only memory.

                               v.             Compiler is a translator program that generates and executes a low- level language program from a high – level language program at once where as Interpreter is a translator program that translates and executes a low – level language program from a high – level language program language line by line.

           C.      Long answer question:

                                 i.            The tree parts of a computer system are:

a. Input unit – An input unit takes the input and converts it into binary form so that it can be understood by the computer. The computer input consists of data and instructions.

b.CPU – The central processing unit is the brain of any computer systems. It consists of a processing unit and a storage unit.

c. Output Unit – The output unit comprises the output devices attached to a computer. Output devices such as VDU, printer, plotter, and speaker convey information from the computer to the user.

·         Diagram is available at Page no.  – 16 ( fig 1.1)

                               ii.            Input unit comprises the input devices attached to a computer. Input devices accept input from the user and convert it into a form that can be understood by the computer ( i.e. binary form).

a. Keyboard – A keyboard is used for entering data directly into a computer.

b.Mouse – A mouse is a pointing device used for moving a pointer on a  computer monitor.

c.  Light pen – A light pen is a pointing device that can be used for selecting an option by simply pointing at it on a computer screen or for drawing figures directly on the screen.

d.Trackball – A trackball has a ball that can be rotated in different directions to move the pointer on the screen.

e.Joystick – A joystick consists of a vertical stick that can be moved to control on –screen objects. It is used to play computer games. Although a keyboard can also be used for this, a joystick provides better control.

                              iii.            Output Unit -  The output unit comprises the output devices attached to a computer. Output devices such as VDU, printer, plotter, and speaker convey information from the computer to the user.

a. Visual Display Unit (VDU) – The VDU or monitor resembles a television screen. It displays both text and graphic images. The display can be either black and white or colored, depending on the type.

b.Printer – A printer outputs the information displayed on the computer screen onto paper. The output produced on paper is called hardcopy. Printers can be divided into two categories : impact and non – impact.

c. Speaker – A speaker gives sound output from a computer. It converts an alternating electrical current into sound. It can output music as well as spoken words. Some speakers are built into the computer and some  are  placed outside.

                             iv.            Auxiliary memory is a bulk storage memory which is non  volatile in nature. It has larger storing capacity than the main memory.  Secondary storage media can be broadly categorized into : magnetic and optical.

a. Magnetic Media – Magnetic discs are called hard discs or floppy discs, depending on the flexibility of the material from which they are made.

b.Optical media – compact disc read – only memory (CD – ROM) , digital versatile disc (DVD) and Blu- ray disc are example of optical media.

                               v.            System software is a set of one or more programs that are basically designed to control the operation of a computer system.

a. Operating system – An operating system is the master control program that runs a computer. It controls the flow of signals from the CPU to various parts of the computer.

b.Device Driver – A device driver is a program that acts as an interface between a device and the user or the operating system.

c. Language processor – The language processor converts any programming language into machine language so that the computer can understand and vice versa. These translators can be classified as ass4embler, compiler, and interpreter.

Chapter 1 of Class X

Chapter – 1

Introduction to Internet

II Descriptive Type Questions

      A.      Very short answer questions.

1.       Give full forms of TCP and IP.

TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol

IP stands for Internet Protocol.

2.       Which organization develops standards for the evolution of the World Wide Web?

World Wide Web Consortium, popularly known as W3C, develops standards for the evolution of the World Wide Web.

3.       Name any two popular ISPs in India.

a.       Airtel             b.    MTNL

4.       What do you mean by World Wide Web?

World Wide Web is an Internet – based network of servers that are interconnected through hypertext.

5.       What is URL?

The Uniform Resource locator is the unique address or location of a document on the World Wide Web.

       B.      Short answer questions:

1.       Protocols are a set of rules that computers use to communicate logically.

The two protocols used by the computer to run internet are: TCP / IP.

2.       The process of converting a digital signal into analog signal is called modulation whereas when an analog signal is converted to digital signal is called demodulation.

3.       Routers are devices that direct Internet traffic by determining the bet path that can be taken, whereas modems help to connect to the Internet through telephone or cable lines.

4.       The various methods to connect to the internet are:

a.       Dial- up connection

b.      Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN)

c.       Broadband

d.      Digital Subscriber Line

e.      Cable Services

f.        Satellite Service

g.       Wireless Service (Wi-Fi)

5.       Abbreviations are as follows:

a.       .org                                –             Non-profit Organizations

b.      .com              -              Commercial Organizations

c.       .edu               -              Educational Institutions

d.      .net                -              -              Networking Organizations

C.      Long Answer Questions:

1.       The internet is not governed by one person or a particular organization. There is no governing body of the Internet. Different volunteer groups have been formed that help coordinate and guide the technical aspects of the Internet.

                              i.      Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) this body is responsible for developing and maintaining communication protocols, resolving problems, and coordinating new services.

                            ii.      Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) – This body looks intro long – term research issues.

2.       There are two major ways to connect to the internet namely Wired Connection and Wireless Connection. These are further divided into the following:

                              i.      Wired Connection – in case of a wired connection, usually a telephone or a cable wire is used to connect the computer to the Internet. It is further divided into:

1.       Dial-up Connection – it is a connection between the computer and the ISP with the help of a modem.

2.       ISDN – ISDN lines are used to transmit data over digital telephone lines.

3.       Broadband connection – Broadband Internet access or only broadband, is a high data rate transmission rate Internet connection. Speed is measured in kbps or Mbps.

                         ii.         Wireless Connection – This connection connects to the Internet and transmit data using radio waves or microwaves. This connection includes:

1.       Wi-Fi – It stands for Wireless Fidelity provides wireless access to computer networks. It refers to a LAN that uses high- frequency radio signals and/ or infrared waves to send and receive data over short distance with high speed.

2.       Wi-max –It stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access and is a wireless technology to access Internet at a very high speed. It uses radio signals or microwave link to transmit data from one computer to another.

3.       Role of a web server is as follows:

                                                i.      It is a program that uses the client / server model and the world wide web’s Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and serves the files from Web Sites to Web Users.

                                              ii.      Web Server helps to deliver content that can be accessed through the Internet.

                                             iii.      Examples of some Web server programs are Apache, IIS( Microsoft Internet Information Server), Sun Java System Web Server etc.

4.       The difference between HTML and HTTP re as follows :

HTML	HTTP
1.       It stands for Hypertext Mark Up Language.	1.       It stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
2.       A language used to code information on the Web sites.	A communication protocol used to transfer all kinds of information on the Web.

5.       Letter Addressing System :

·         Popularly known as DNS (Domain Name System).

·         The Web address of any computer or network can be given using alphabets.

·         Examples :edu, org, com, in, us etc.

Numbering Addressing System

·         Provides a unique network number i.e. IP address to the host.

·         IP address is comprised of 4 numbers each less than 256, joined together.

·         It is divided into two parts, namely, Network part and Host part.

·         Example: 132. 168. 1. 100

Did you know before watching this video ?????

Lets' learn how the internet works ...

Class X Chapter 1

History of Computers
Chapter 1 Class X

Welcome...

A very warm welcome to all the students of IT of class IX and X.

This is a forum for all of us to share our resources, latest technological developments taking place worldwide.

In addition to this, you can search for your AVs used during lecture and presentations used in the class made by me and other fellow students here.

Extra information regarding any kind of technological seminar, workshop by the IT department can be checked too.

Useful views and suggestions are welcomed by the parents, students and other visitors.

Happy blogging !!!!